Railway truck structure



Nov. 29, 1938.

E. G. HALLQUIST RAILWAY TRUCK STRUCTURE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 15, 1935 Nov.'29, 1938. -E. G. HALLQUIST v RAILWAY TRUCK STRUCTURE Filed July 15, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 /0 a i/ w E. G.-HALLQUIST 2,138,449

RAILWAY TRUCK STRUCTURE Filed July 15, 1.935 5 Sheets-Sheet s Nov. 29, 1938.

I o l Nov. 29, 1938. E. G. HALLQUISTY I 2,138,449

RAILWAY TRUCK STRUCTURE In ve'n 1 0/ firm/- 5. lie/1901's).

Nov. 29, 1938. E. e. HALLQUlbT R ILWAY TRUCK" STRUCTURE,

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 15, 1935 l'm enfol I f/har Mai/9M3). J3 fiawq 14/7 r/ y Patented Nov. 29, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,13 ,449 am'wnr mucxs'rnuo'rmu Application July 15, 1935, Serial No. 31,369

Claims.

This invention relates to railway rolling stock and consists particularly in novel truck structure.

With the. substantially increased speed of modern railroad trains, improvement in the riding 5 qualities of the trucks and also lessening of noise are desirable in order to protect the comfort of passengers. Reduction of vibration and shocks during travel, due to the rail joints and other irregularities in the road bed, and running on curves, is also desirable in order to increase the life of the rolling stock and the road, and lessen maintenance expense.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a railway truck which operates unusually 5 smoothly and quietly, particularly at high speeds.

A more detailed object is to facilitate the application of rubber cushions to various parts of the truck which ordinarily transmit shocks and vibration and produceinoise.

Another object is to provide means for cushioning the movement between the frame pedestals and the journal boxes, which means permit limited lateral, as well as vertical, movement of the boxes in the pedestals.

Another object is to provide means for cushioning a swinging bolster in its movements vertically, longitudinally and transversely of the truck. I

Still another object is to provide substantially noiseless and vibrationless mounting of the truck frame upon equalizers extending between the journal boxes.

These objects and others hereafter appearing.

are attained by the structures illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an approximately one-quarter top view of a truck embodying the invention, a portion being broken away and illustrated in section on the line l! of Figure 2.

Figure 2 is a side view and section of the same taken on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 1.

' Figure 4 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figures 5 and 6 are detail horizontal sections take; on the corresponding section lines oil Figure Figure '7 is a detail vertical longitudinal section taken through a truck transom-and bolster and showing a modification.

Figure 8 is a top view showing parts of a railway truck embodying a modification.

Figure 9 is a vertical transverse sec ion taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 8.

responding to Figure 2 and illustrating another 10 modification.

Figure 14 is .a partial vertical section correspending to Figure 11 and showing another modification.

Figure 15 is a horizontal section taken on the line l5--l5 of Figure 14.

Figure 16 is a side view of a longitudinal half of a truck illustrating still another form of the invention.

Figures 17 and 20 are detail horizontal sections taken on the corresponding section lines of Figure 16.

Figure 18 is a vertical transverse hall section taken on the line l8|8 of Figure 16.

Figure 19 is a substantially vertical section taken on the corresponding section line of Figum 18. I

The truck in Figures 1 to 6 includes a pair of wheeled axles, a portion of one of the axles being shown at I, Figures 1 and 2, and having at its extremity a journal portion 2 and journal box 3 received between the pedestals 4 and 5 de-' pending from the side frames'or wheel pieces 6. The side frames are rigidly connected at the ends, by end sills l, and intermediate the ends by tran- 'soms 8. Brake hanger brackets 9 and II! project from the framing adjacent the intersections of the side frame and end sill and transoms, re-

' 'spectively.

Recesses H andi2 are provided in the oppos- 'ing faces of each journal box and the corresponding pedestals, and seated in these recesses are rubber cushions 13 having steel liner plates J4 vulcanized to the surfaces thereof and abutting the box and pedestal. Cushions I3 are formed substantially rectangular in horizontal section and are inclined downwardly and towards the journal box on theirupper and lower surfaces. The weight of the truck frame applies both shear and compressive forces to cushions l3, flexing the same andltending to move the liner plates it into horizontalalinement. In order to facilitate assembly of the journal box, cushions, and pedestals, one of the pedestals 4 is separately formed and secured to the side frame by bolts l5, the other pedestal being conveniently formed integral with the frame. Extending between the lower extremities of pedestals 4 and 5 is the usual tie bar l6.

Projecting outwardly from the sides of the journal box and slightly spaced from the inner and outer faces of the pedestals are the ribs 311 which limit relative lateral movement of the box and pedestah In order to permit lateral and vertical flexing of the rubber cushions, the sides, tops, and bottoms of recesses H and I2 diverge outwardly from the inner surfaces thereof which snugly receive liners I4 for positioning the cushions.

Seated on top of each journal box 3 is a rubber cushion I! having hardened metal liners l8, and.

resting on these cushions are the ends of equalizers |9 located on each side of the side frame. Secured to the opposing faces of the adjacent inclined portions of the equalizers by means of a bolt 20, nut 2|, and spring washer 22, are the metal discs 23 each having an annular recess 24 in its inner face. Extending between the discs 23 is a bracket 25 depending from the side frame and integral therewith, and interposed between the discs 23 and bracket 25 are annular doughnut-shaped rubber cushions 26 having metal liners 21. The inner and outer circumferential surfaces of cushions 26 at the tops and bottoms thereof are inclined outwardly and downwardly from bracket 25 whereby the weight of the truck frame applied through bracket 25 tends to bring liner plates 21 on eachcushion into horizontal alinement. The spring washer 22 permits slight lateral separation of cushion seating discs 23. Annular recesses 24 in discs 23 and also the under surfaces of the curved ribs 28 on bracket 25 are tapered and the apertured portions of bracket 25 and cushions 26 are spaced from bolt 20 to permit flexing of the cushions.

Pivoted to each transom 8 adjacent each end thereof is a swing hanger including the separately formed upper and lower members 29 and 30, the latter having a clevis 3| in its upper portion receiving between the forks thereof the lower portion of member 29 (see Figure 6). Interposed between forks 3| and member 29 are rubber cushions 32 having metal liners, the outer of whichare seated in recesses 33 in the forks 3|, and the inner of which abut the member 29. Upper and lower hanger members 29 and 30 and cushions 32 are maintained assembled by a bolt 34 and nut 35, the bolt closely fitting the alined apertures in forks 3| and being slightly spaced fro-m the apertured portions of cushions 32 and upper member 29 to permit slight yielding of the hanger structure when submitted to longitudinal forces.

A pair of the longitudinally resilient hangers is provided at each side of the truck and these support the longitudinal bars 36, spring plank 31, elliptic springs 38, and a bolster 39 which is slightly spaced at its ends from the side frames 6 and at the sides from the transoms 8 in order to permit swinging of the bolster in the usual manner.

The underframe is supported at four points from the equalizers through brackets 25 and rubber cushions 26 and also by means of the cushions |3, sixteen of which are provided, interposed between the journal boxes and pedestals. The equalizers are resiliently supported on the journal boxes through cushions I8. Thus shocks and vibration transmitted through the truck wheels are substantially dampened or eliminated before reaching the bolster center bearing 48 which supports the vehicle body (notshown). The cushioning also substantially reduces noise produced in operation of an ordinary truckdue to chafing and clashing of metal parts having relative movement, such as the pedestals and journal boxes.

Figure '7 illustrates a modification of the structure shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10 and includes recesses 49 and 4| formed in the opposing side surfaces of the bolster 94. and the transom 95 for receiving the cylindrical rubber cushions 42 having metal liners 43. The bolster and transom recesses are tapered as at 44 and 45 to permit vertical and lateral flexing of the cush- Figures 8, 9, and 10 illustrate a modified form of bolster including body portion 49 and separately formed members 50 at the sides thereof and secured thereto by bolts 5|. Each member 50 is recessed, as at 52, for receiving the rubber cushions 53, each of which is seated at its outer extremity in a recess 54 in transom 54. The upper and lower and side portions of recesses 52 and 54 are inclined in order to permit vertical and lateral flexing of cushions 53. Removable member 56 facilitates assembling of the bolster and cushions with the transoms. In this form, cushions 53 are shaped cylindrically, as in Figure 7, butthe tapering recesses in the bolster and transom pockets need not be extended through the top or bottom walls of these members in order to facilitate assembly.

Figures 11 and 12 illustrate a portion of a form of truck'in which framing 55 is supported on journal boxes, one of which is shown at 56, by means of coiled springs 51 seated on top of the boxes and engaging the under surface of the top wall of the side frame. Rubber cushions 51 are interposed between opposing side surfaces of the boxes and pedestals 55 and assist in supporting the framing. The cushion recesses in the pedestal jaws and the sides of the boxes are tapered, as at 58 and 59, and the box recesses are extended upwardly through the top of each box, as at 60, to facilitate assembly of the box and cushions with the pedestal. Cushions 5'! are arcuate on their upper and lower surfaces, as shown in Figure 12, in order to facilitate flexing thereof.

Figure 13 illustrates a portion of a truck, in general similar to that in Figures 11 and 12, including pedestals 6| integral with framing 6|. Between the pedestal jaws is a journal box 62 having extending along the sides and top thereof angular members 63. The side portions of members 63 are provided with recesses 64 receiving rubber cushions 65 seated at their outer extremities in similar recesses in the pedestal jaws. The upper portions of members 63, which meet at the center of the box, include ribs 66 and bosses 61 forming a seat for coiled springs 68 supporting framing 6|. Separately formed members 63 facilitate assembly of the journal boxes and cushions with the pedestals.

Figures 14 and 15 are enlarged views illustrating a pedestal and journal box assembly similar,

to that in Figures 11 and 12. Recesses 69 in the sides of journal box Ill, seating rubber cushions II, are extended upwardly, as at 12, through the top of the box to facilitate assembly of the box and cushions with the pedestals. Box 10 has side ported on roller bearing journal boxes, one of which is shown at 11, through coiled springs '18 seated on top of the boxes, as in Figures 11 and 12. Interposed between the sides of each box and the corresponding pedestal jaws are rubber cushions 19 seated in suitable recesses in the opposing faces of the box and pedestal jaws; Sidewardly extending ribs integral with the box and a separately formed annular member 80 bolted to the front of the box, receive therebetween pedestal jaws 8|. A removableucover 82 is secured to member 80 by bolts 83.

Bolster 84 has downwardly and laterally projecting arms 85 .at its extremities supported directly by resilient swing hangers pivoted to transoms 86, no spring plank being provided. Each resilient hanger includes an upper member 81 pinned to one of the transoms 86 and separately formed lower members 88 which, when assembled, form forks 89 in their upper portions receiving therebetween the lower portion of member 81 and rubber cushions 90. A bolt 9! extends through alined apertures in forks 89, cushioning rings 90, and member 81 for main-' taining the assembly. Bolt 9| is slightly spacedv from the apertured portions of cushions 90. and member 81 whereby the hanger is longitudinally resilient, and a spring washer 92 is provided, as in Figures 4 and 5.

In each of the forms, rubber cushions are ingeniously located so as to absorb vibrations normally passing between the wheels and the bolster center bearing, and also to dampen or eliminate shocks and noise due to rubbing or clashing together of metal parts. The truck, therefore, operates unusually smoothly and quietly and is well adapted for use in modern high speed trains. I

The invention is not limited to the exact details of the various forms illustrated but may be modified in other respects without departing from the spirit of the invention and exclusive use of all such modifications coming within the scope of the appended claims is contemplated.

I claim:

1. In a railway truck, a framing member having depending pedestal jaws, a journal and a journal box between said jaws, and cushioning members compressed between opposing faces of said box and jaws, there being elements on said box and jaws facing upwardly and downwardly,-

respectively, and engaging said cushioning members to support said framing member and its load through said jaws, one of said jaws being formed separately from said frame member and the other jaw and removably secured to said frame to facilitate application of said cushioning members to the assembly.

2. Structure as specified in claim 1 in which said cushioning members are seated in recesses in the opposing faces of said jaws and said box.

3. In a railway truck, a frame having pedestal jaws, a journal box between said jaws, rubber cushioning members interposed between opposing upright faces of said jaws and said box, there being elements on said jaw faces and said box faces facing downwardly and upwardly, respectively, and opposing said cushioning members, a rubber cushion member on top of said box, and an equalizer seated on said latter mentioned member, said members cooperating, to support said frame and its load.

4. In a railway truck, spaced journals and journal boxes on the same side of the truck, equalizer structure extending between and carried on said journal boxes and having spaced opposing vertical faces, framing having a part between said boxes and extending between said faces, and rubber cushioning means compressed laterally between said faces and said framing part, there being elements on said equalizers and framing part facing upwardly and downwardly, respectively, and engaging said cushioning means to support said framing from said equalizer structure.

5. The combination of elements specified in claim 9 in which said cushioning means is in the shape of a ring and including a securing element extending through said equalizer structure, said framing, and the center of said cushioning ring, said frame part being normally spaced from said securing element.

6. In a railway truck, spaced journal boxes on the same side of the truck, equalized structure extending between and carried on said boxes and having transversely spaced parts, a framing wheel piece havingv a bracket extending between said equalizer parts and spaced therefrom, there being elements on said bracket and equalizer parts facing downwardly and upwardly, respectively, and spaced from and opposing each other, and rubber cushions compressed between said bracket and said equalizer parts and engaging said elements to support said bracket and wheel piece from said equalizer structure.

'1. In a railway truck, framing, a bolster, a swing hanger connection between said framing and said bolster and comprising separate upper and lower parts overlapping each other, a rubber cushion between the overlapping portions of said parts, said portions having upwardly and downwardly facing shoulders engaging said cushion to place the same in shear under the hanger load, a bolt-like element passing through apertures in said parts and said cushion to hold the same in assembled relation, the aperture in at least one of said parts being enlarged so that the side of said element normally is free of contact with said part.

8. A bolster hanger comprising separately formed upper and lower members, one of said members having transversely spaced parts and the other member having a part extending between said spaced parts, and rubber cushions compressed laterally between said parts and thereby forming a supporting connection between said upper and lower members.

9. Hanger structure as specified in claim 8 in which said cushions are-ring-shaped, said structure including a securing element extending between said hanger parts and through the centers of said cushion rings.

10. Hanger structure as specified in claim 8 including a bolt extending transversely through said hanger parts and having a nut and a spring washer yieldingly securing together said-hanger members and said cushions.

l1. Hanger structure as specified in claim 8 in which said spaced parts of one of said hanger members which receive the other member and said cushions therebetween are formed separately to facilitate the assembly.

12. In a railway truck, framing, swing hangers depending therefrom and each including a rubber cushion as a part thereof whereby the hanger is resilient longitudinally, a bolster carried on said hangers, and rubber cushions between opposing side faces of said framing and said bolster and assisting in supporting said bolster.

13. A railway swing bolster hanger comprising separately formed upper and'lower members, one of said members including transversely spaced parts and the other member having a tongue extending between said parts, and rubber cushions between said tongue and each of said parts, said parts, tongue and cushions being aperturecl, a bolt extending through the apertures and compressing said cushion between said tongue and parts, the aperture in one of said members being enlarged so that said bolt does not contact with the corresponding member whereby the support of one of said members by the other is effected solely through said compressed cushions.

14. In a railway truck, framing, a bolster, a swing hanger carrying said bolster from said framing and comprising a link secured at its upper end to said frame and a link secured at its lower end to said bolster, portions of said links overlapping each other and having down-' wardly and upwardly facing shoulders respectively, and a rubber cushion compressed between said overlapping portions and seated against said shoulders whereby said hanger is longitudinally resilient.

15. Structure as specified in claim 1 in which the cushioning members are substantially wholly.

received in recesses formed in the opposing faces of the pedestal jaws and journal box.

EINAR G. HALLQUIST. 

